Title : Toxicity evaluation and bone fracture healing activity of Solanum nigrum leaf in rabbits
Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of Solanum nigrum on hematological, histological, and bone fracture healing parameters. For toxicity assessment, sixteen rabbits were divided into four groups and administered aqueous leaf extract at doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, while a control group received no treatment. No significant alterations were observed in hematological or histological indices, indicating the safety of the extract. For fracture healing evaluation, twenty-one rabbits were assigned into seven groups, with a closed femoral fracture induced and confirmed via X-ray. Treatments included topical application (10 and 20 mg/ml), oral administration (100 and 200 mg/kg), calcium as standard control, and saline for control groups. Over a 90-day period, biochemical analyses were conducted, and healing progression was monitored radiographically. Results showed enhanced fracture healing in extract-treated groups compared to controls, evidenced by improved calcification, callus formation, and bone mineralization. Both topical and oral administrations significantly accelerated bone regeneration. In conclusion, S. nigrum is non-toxic at tested doses and exhibits potent osteogenic properties, promoting faster bone repair and regeneration, thereby supporting its potential therapeutic use in fracture management.
